The state of women’s education in Pakistan: Progress and challenges

Hira Bilal

Education is a fundamental right, but for many women in Pakistan, accessing quality education remains a challenge. Although Pakistan has made progress over the past few decades, particularly in urban areas, deep-rooted social, economic, and cultural barriers still limit educational opportunities for women, particularly in rural regions.

One of the most significant obstacles to women’s education is cultural norms and gender stereotypes. In some communities, conservative views restrict girls from attending school beyond a certain age, emphasizing early marriage over education. This leads to high dropout rates among young girls, especially in areas like Balochistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and rural Sindh, where traditional mindsets are most prominent.

Economic factors also play a crucial role in hindering women’s education. Many families in impoverished regions prioritize educating sons over daughters, viewing boys as future breadwinners. This economic disparity is worsened by inadequate educational infrastructure and limited access to qualified teachers in rural and underserved areas.

However, the country has witnessed positive initiatives aimed at addressing these issues. Government programs like the Benazir Income Support Program (BISP) incentivize families to keep girls in school through financial aid. Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are also actively working to bridge the education gap, with many launching community-based schools that bring education closer to rural girls.

The increasing literacy rate among women in cities is a testament to the potential for progress when the right resources and support systems are in place. With continued investment in infrastructure, policy reform, and public awareness campaigns, Pakistan has the potential to significantly improve women’s educational outcomes.

Empowering women through education is vital for Pakistan’s development. A society that educates its women empowers generations, driving forward social and economic progress while building a more inclusive future for all.